National Science Day 2025: 5 Key Facts About C.V. Raman

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Introduction to National Science Day

Every year on February 28, India celebrates National Science Day, commemorating the extraordinary contributions of Nobel laureate C.V. Raman in the field of science. This significant day serves to raise awareness of the importance of science and its applications in everyday life, as well as to honor the legacy of one of India’s most esteemed scientists.

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C.V. Raman: A Pioneer in Science

Born on November 7, 1888, in Tiruchirappalli, C.V. Raman was a brilliant physicist who made groundbreaking contributions to the understanding of light scattering. Educated entirely in India, Raman set out on his scientific journey through rigorous studies that laid the foundation for his future discoveries.

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Key Facts About National Science Day and C.V. Raman

1. Recognition of C.V. Raman's Achievements

National Science Day is primarily observed to honor the remarkable achievements of C.V. Raman, particularly the invention of the Raman Effect in 1928. This discovery led to a better understanding of molecular scattering and earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930.

2. The Significance of February 28

This date marks the anniversary of Raman's groundbreaking discovery. The Government of India declared February 28 as National Science Day in 1986, to inspire the youth and promote scientific temper among Indians.

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3. A Pioneering Journey in Physics

At just 29, he left a promising civil service career to embrace academia as the Palit Chair Professor at Calcutta University, thanks to Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee's offer. By 1921, he had gained significant recognition in physics. Elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1924, he toured the U.S., collaborating with Nobel laureate Robert Millikan.

4. C.V. Raman's Educational Journey

C.V. Raman was educated in various institutions in India, such as the University of Calcutta. His trip to London in 1921 marked a pivotal point in his life. Upon his arrival, he garnered significant respect from prominent physicists like J.J. Thomson and Lord Rutherford, who acknowledged his talent in research.

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5. The Color of the Sea

One of C.V. Raman's notable contributions to science was demonstrating that the color of the sea is due to the scattering of sunlight by water molecules. This was a crucial experiment that highlighted the principles of light interaction with matter, which remains a fundamental topic in the field of optics.

6. Raman's Pioneering Research at IACS

Upon arriving in Calcutta, Raman dedicated himself to after-hours research at the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS). Within a decade, he published 27 papers, establishing IACS as a key research institution.

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7. Celebrating Sir C.V. Raman's Legacy

After discovering the Raman effect in 1928, Sir C.V. Raman was knighted by the British government in India and awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930. He later moved to Bangalore, where he headed the Indian Institute of Science, founded the Indian Academy of Science, and established the Raman Research Institute in 1948, remaining actively engaged until his passing.

8. Inspiring Future Generations

National Science Day serves as a platform to inspire students and young scientists by organizing various events and activities. From science exhibitions to debates, the day promotes the spirit of inquiry and innovation, thus nurturing future scientists just as C.V. Raman did.

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Conclusion

In conclusion, National Science Day is a day of both celebration and reflection on the important work of C.V. Raman. His life's work exemplifies the importance of scientific research and its significance to humanity. Recognizing and celebrating this day encourages the continued pursuit of knowledge and innovation in the field of science.

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